Muscular Dystrophy
What Is Muscular Dystrophy?
Muscular Dystrophy’s are caused by mutations in genes that make up muscle structure and muscle function. They can be inherited from parents or turn up with no warning. As the muscle cells change they degenerate and are destroyed. This means that the muscles are unable to process food and oxygen and so the muscles are unable to work properly.
How Common Is Muscular Dystrophy?
There are twenty different types of MD and most of them are rare. Around one in two thousand babies born in the UK will suffer. Duchenne is the most common and severe Muscular Dystrophy.
About 100 boys are born with the Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy in the UK each year. It only affects boys with extremely rare exceptions. A small number of female carriers of the gene have a mild degree of muscle weakness themselves and are then known as 'manifesting carriers'. Girls can be affected by some of the other types of muscular dystrophy.
What Are The Symptoms Of Muscular Dystrophy?
There are different kinds of muscular dystrophy and they are categorised according to their symptoms, age of onset and the way in which they are passed from parent to child. For example in Duchenne MD the muscles of the pelvis and thighs are affected first and walking, running, jumping and climbing stairs can be very difficult. However, in fascioscapulohumeral MD the muscles of the face, shoulders and upper arms are usually first affected
Symptoms may include:-
- difficulty walking
- clumsiness
- falling over
- difficulty standing
- breathing problems
- learning difficulties
All types of Muscular Dystrophy gradually worsen but the degree of disability can vary enormously. Some children will be able to play quite independently whilst others will need full time help and care.
Is There A Cure For Muscular Dystrophy?
No, there is currently no cure for the muscular dystrophies.
How Is Muscular Dystrophy Treated?
Existing treatment aims to control symptoms, such as muscle spasm, and enable sufferers to lead a good quality of life. Exercise can be helpful in keeping the muscles in good condition. Conversely inactivity can worsen the condition. Physiotherapy can help to strengthen and flex muscles. Physical aids such as wheelchairs and braces can aid mobility.
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